BS EN ISO 15858-2016

BS EN ISO 15858:2016 UV-C Devices — Safety information — Permissible human exposure (ISO 15858:2016) BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 15858:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15858:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/21, Filters for gases and liquids. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. © The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 75738 9 ICS 91.140.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN ISO 15858 August 2016 ICS 91.140.30 English Version UV-C Devices - Safety information - Permissible human exposure (ISO 15858:2016) Appareil UV-C - Information sur la sécurité - Limites admissibles pour l exposition humaine (ISO 15858:2016) U V - C E i n r i c h t u n g e n - Sicherheitsinformationen - Zulässige Exposition von Personen (ISO 15858:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 May 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15858:2016 EBS EN ISO 15858:2016 EN ISO 15858:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 15858:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 142 “Cleaning equipment for air and other gases” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 195 “Air filters for general air cleaning” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15858:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15858:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Sources of UVC exposure 4 4.1 General . 4 4.2 UVC energy penetration 4 4.3 UVC radiation measurement . 4 4.4 Measuring Threshold Limit Values 4 5 Exposure limits to UVC . 5 5.1 General information . 5 5.2 Maximum permissible UVC exposure . 5 5.3 Personal protective equipment. 5 5.4 Personnel safety training . 6 Bibliography 7 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 142, Cleaning equipment for air and other gases.iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E) Introduction This International Standard was developed in response to a worldwide demand for minimum specifications on UVC safety for products and equipment utilizing UVC lamp fixtures. In this International Standard, when it comes to personal damage of UV disinfection, the whole UVC band range is more likely to be included. As for lamps of product equipment, UVC prefers to the 254 nm wavelength. UVC radiation is a low-penetrating form of UV as compared to UVA or UVB radiation. Measurements of human tissue show that 4 % to 7 % of UVC radiation, along with a wide range of wavelengths from 250 nm to 400 nm, is reflected [6]and absorbed in the first 2 µm of the stratum corneum. Hence, the amount of UVC transmitted through the epidermis is minimized. [7] UVC radiation is invisible to humans and exposure to UVC radiation may have an effect on health. Ocular damage generally begins with photokeratitis but can also result in photokeratoconjunctivitis. Symptoms, which may not be evident until several hours after exposure, can include an abrupt sensation comparable to sand in eyes, tearing, and eye pain of various degrees. Such symptoms may appear within 1 h to 12 h after UVC exposure and resolve fully within 24 h to 48 h. Acute overexposure to UVC band radiation may cause incapacity due to eye discomfort, but this generally regresses after several days, leaving no permanent damage. Cutaneous damage consists of erythema, a reddening of the skin akin to sunburn but without tanning. The maximum effect of erythema occurs at a wavelength of 297 nm in the UVB band. UVC radiation at a wavelength of 254 nm is less effective in causing erythema. Therefore, the areas subject to exposure should be marked. Warning signs should be placed in certain locations to protect personnel or passers- by from UV hazards. Appropriate locations include access doors, air handling unit outside walls, equipment room doors, etc. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 2010 completed a review of UVC photocarcinogenesis risks from germicidal lamps using basic biophysical principles due to the attenuation provided by the stratum corneum and epithelial tissues of the skin. Upper air disinfection could be safely used without significant risk for long-term delayed effects such as skin cancer. [5]© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 15858:2016BS EN ISO 15858:2016UV-C Devices — Safety information — Permissible human exposure 1 Scope This International Standard specifies minimum human safety requirements for the use of UVC lamp devices. It is applicable to in-duct UVC systems, upper-air in room UVC systems, portable in-room disinfection UVC devices, and any other UVC devices which may cause UVC exposure to humans. It is not applicable to UVC products used for water disinfection. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 170, Personal eye-protection — Ultraviolet filters — Transmittance requirements and recommended use EN 14255-1, Measurement and assessment of personal exposures to incoherent optical radiation — Part 1: Ultraviolet radiation emitted by artificial sources in the workplace 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 wavelength distance between repeating units of a wave pattern Note 1 to entry: Commonly designated by the Greek letter lambda (λ). 3.2 waveband spectrum section spectrum band electromagnetic spectrum that is usually divided into a large spectral region, small spectral band and narrow spectral lines Note 1 to entry: Waveband is commonly expressed as a specific wavelength (3.1) range of values, sometimes uses numbers or letters as code. 3.3 ultraviolet radiation wavelength (3.1) of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiation from 10 nm to 400 nm Note 1 to entry: The range between 100 nm and 400 nm is commonly subdivided into: [1] — UVA: 315 nm to 400 nm; — UVB: 280 nm to 315 nm; — UVC: 200 nm to 280 nm; INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 15858:2016(E) © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E) — Vacuum UV: 100 nm to 200 nm. 3.4 UV dose product of UV irradiance and specific exposure time on a given microorganism or surface Note 1 to entry: UV dose is expressed in millijoules per square centimetre (mJ/cm 2 ). 3.5 f l uenc e r at e fluence across a surface Note 1 to entry: Fluence rate is expressed in J/m 2 , J/cm 2 , or W·s/cm 2 . 3.6 irradiance power of electromagnetic radiation incident on a surface per unit surface area Note 1 to entry: Irradiance is expressed in microwatts per square centimetre (μW/cm 2 ). [2] 3.7 effective irradiance power of UVC radiation from electromagnetic radiation received on a surface per unit surface area 3.8 disinfection less lethal process of inactivating microorganisms compared to sterilization 3.9 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation UVGI killing or inactivating microorganisms by emitting radiation predominantly at a wavelength (3.1) of 253,7 nm 3.10 radiometer instrument used to measure radiometric quantities, particularly UV irradiance (3.6) or fluence 3.11 in-duct systems UVC lamp devices placed up-stream or down-stream of the cooling coil or in other enclosed sections of the HVAC duct system Note 1 to entry: See Reference [4]. 3.12 upper-air in room systems UVC lamp devices mounted underneath room ceilings with UVC energy directed upward with adjustable louvers to keep UVC rays above eye and head level Note 1 to entry: See Reference [4]. 3.13 portable in-room disinfection UVC device easy-to-carry equipment to use in spaces requiring ultraviolet ray disinfection EXAMPLE UVC device installed on mobile car. [4] 3.14 exposure subjection to infectious agents, irradiation, particulates, or chemicals that could have harmful effects2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E) 3.15 permissible exposure time PET calculated time period that humans, with unprotected eyes and skin, can be exposed to a given level of UV irradiance (3.6) without exceeding the NIOSH recommended exposure limit (REL) or ACGIH Threshold Limit Value ®(TLV ® ) (3.16) for UV radiation Note 1 to entry: See References [8], [9], and [10]. 3.16 Threshold Limit Value ® TLV ® guidelines on exposure (3.14) level under which most people can work consistently for eight hours a day, day after day, without adverse effects Note 1 to entry: Used by the ACGIH to designate degree of exposure to contaminants. Note 2 to entry: TLVs can be expressed as approximate milligrams of particulate per cubic meter of air ( mg/m 3 ). TLVs are listed either for 8 h as a time-weighted average (TWA) or for 15 min as a short-term exposure limit (STEL). Note 3 to entry: See Reference [10]. 3.17 ocular damage any damage to the eye, particularly that caused by exposure (3.14) to UV energy 3.18 photokeratitis corneal inflammation after overexposure to ultraviolet radiation (3.3) Note 1 to entry: See Reference [3]. 3.19 photokeratoconjunctivitis inflammation of cornea and conjunctiva after exposure (3.14) to UV radiation Note 1 to entry: Exposure to wavelengths (3.1) shorter than 320 nm is most effective in causing this condition. The peak of the action spectrum is approximately 270 nm. [3] 3.20 stratum corneum outer dead layer of human skin 3.21 cutaneous damage any damage to the skin, particularly that caused by exposure (3.14) to UVC energy 3.22 erythemareddening of the skin, with or without inflammation, caused by the actinic effect of solar radiation or artificial optical radiation 3.23 personal protective equipment PPE protective clothing, helmets, goggles, respirators, or other gear designed to protect the wearer from injury from a given hazard, typically used for occupational safety and health purposes© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 15858:2016ISO 15858:2016(E) 4 Sources of UVC exposure 4.1 General UVC sources can be the following: a