ASTM F472-11 (Reapproved 2017)

Designation: F472 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Terminology forGeometry of Alpine Skis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F472; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describethe geometry ofAlpine skis and does not cover special purposeskis.1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to bethe most logical, with definitions presented later calling uponthose presented earlier.2. Significance and Use2.1 A standard set of definitions is needed to allowmanufacturers, consumers, retailers, and scientists to use acommon language in describing Alpine skis.3. Definitions (Refer to Figs. 1 and 2)ski tail, T—the extreme rear edge of the ski.ski tip, S—the extreme forward point or edge of the ski.ski size—see the following:developed length, LN—bottom contour length as measuredfrom the ski tip to the ski tail, commonly called the materiallength.chord length, LTS—straight line distance measured betweenthe ski tail and ski tip with the ski pressed against a planesurface.DISCUSSION—Either method at the manufacturer’s discretion may beused to indicate nominal ski length or ski size when rounded tocommon increment.projected length, LP—length of the projection of the ski,measured between the ski tip and the ski tail parallel to theski body pressed against a plane surface.tail turn-up length, lT—the projected length of the tailturn-up, measured from the ski tail to the contact point wherea 0.5-mm feeler gauge intersects the running surface with theski body pressed against a plane surface.shovel length, lS—the projected length of the forward turn-up,measured from the tip to the contact point where a 0.5-mmfeeler gauge intersects the running surface with the ski bodypressed against a plane surface.contact length, lC—the difference between the projectedlength, LPand the sum of lTplus lSor lC= LP−(lT+ lS).tail height, hT—the height of the underside of the tail from aplane surface with the center of the ski body pressed againstthat surface.tip height, hS—the height of the underside of the tip from aplane surface with the center of the ski body pressed againstthat surface.thickness, t—thickness, measured perpendicular to the runningsurface. XAindicates the location of thickness measurementfrom the tail of the ski.width, b—total distance measured perpendicular to the centerline on the running surface. Xbindicates the location of skiwidth from the tail of the ski.heel, bH—the widest part of the ski in the tail section of the ski.waist, bM—the narrowest point of the ski body between theheel and shoulder.shoulder, bV—the widest point, of the ski in the shovel sectionof the ski.XbH,XbM,XbV—the x coordinates for the location of theserespective widths of the ski measured from the tail of the ski.contact surface area—the product of the average width timesthe contact length expressed quantitatively as follows:AC5F~bH12 bM1bV!4G @lC# (1)tail surface area—that surface from the tail contact point aft.The tail contact point is located lTfrom the tail.shovel surface area—that surface forward of the shovelcontact point. The shovel contact point is located at lSfromthe tip.running surface—the entire bottom surface of the ski bor-dered by the side geometry.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on SnowSkiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skiing andSnowboarding Equipment.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F472 – 11. DOI:10.1520/F0472-11R17.Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1side geometry—the configuration of the curve bordering therunning surface and defined by the bottom edge.side cut—that line describing the curved portion of the skicontour limited by the lines at the bHand bVdimensions, anddefined by the bottom edge.side camber, W—the maximum distance from a line drawnbetween the widest points of the ski and the sidecut of theski.ski body center—point O, which is located at a distance oflC/2 + lTfrom the tail of the ski.ski forebody—that portion forward of point O, a distance oflC/2.ski afterbody—that portion of the ski aft of point O, a distanceof lC/2.ski body—that portion of the ski within the dimensions of lC.taper, V—half of the difference between bVand bHor(bV− bH)/2.camber height, h—distance between the running surface ofthe ski and a plane surface, measured with the ski restingfreely under its own mass. Xhindicates the location ofcamber height from the tail of the ski.weighted bottom camber, hB—the maximum height of therunning surface measured from a plane horizontal surface,with the ski held in a plane horizontal orientation and thussubject to deflection due to its weight under the influence ofthe ski weight. XhBis the location of hBfrom the tail of theski.free bottom camber, hF—the maximum height of the runningsurface measured from a plane vertical surface with the skion an edge, free from the deflection caused by its weight. XhFis the location of hFfrom the tail of the ski. (Not shown inFig. 1 or Fig. 2.)ski radius, rs—The approximate radius of the circular sectordefined by the tip, waist, and tail, expressed quantitatively asfollows:X15 0.8·~LP2 XbM! (2)X25 0.9·~XbM!rs5@X11X2#22·@bX11bX22 2·bM#Should be reported to within 62.5 %.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/FIG. 1 Alpine Ski LocationsFIG. 2 Alpine SkiF472 − 11 (2017)2