ASTM D765-87 (Reapproved 2014)

Designation: D765 − 87 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Specification forRaw and Burnt Sienna Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the pigments commerciallyknown as raw sienna and burnt sienna.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D50 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Yellow, Orange,Red, and Brown Pigments Containing Iron and Manga-neseD185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and OtherMatter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in PigmentsD387 Test Method for Color and Strength of ChromaticPigments with a Mechanical MullerD1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of CertainPigments3. Composition and Properties3.1 Dry Pigments—The pigments shall conform to thefollowing requirements:3.1.1 Raw Sienna—The pigment shall be in a soft, dry formand shall be a hydrated oxide of iron permeating a siliceousbase. The pigment shall conform to the requirements forcomposition prescribed in Table 1.3.1.2 Burnt Sienna—The pigment shall be produced by thecalcination of raw sienna and shall conform to the requirementsfor composition prescribed in Table 1.3.2 Paste in Oil—For both raw and burnt sienna, the paste inoil shall be made by thoroughly grinding the pigment withlinseed oil (with or without a small amount of volatile thinner)together with (where necessary) small amounts of wetting ordispersing agents to produce a paste or semipaste of satisfac-tory consistency. As received, it shall not be caked in thecontainer and shall break up readily in linseed oil to form asmooth paint of brushing consistency. It shall mix readily in allproportions, without curdling, with linseed oil, turpentine, orvolatile petroleum spirits, or any mixture of these substances.The paste shall conform to the following requirements:Pigment, min, % 60Nonvolatile vehicle, min, of vehicle 80Moisture by distillation, max, % 2.0Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a No. 325 (45-µm)sieve), max, % of dry pigment1.03.3 The mass color and character of the tint and the tintingstrength formed by a mixture with a white pigment shall bewithin mutually agreed upon limits of a standard acceptable toboth the purchaser and the seller.4. Sampling4.1 Two samples shall be taken at random from differentpackages from each lot, batch, day’s pack, or other unit ofproduction in a shipment. When no markings distinguishingbetween units of production appear, samples shall be takenfrom different packages in the ratio of two samples for each 5tons (inch-pound or SI), except that for shipments of less than10 000 lb two samples shall be taken. At the option of thepurchaser, the samples may be tested separately or afterblending in equal quantities the samples from the sameproduction unit to form a composite sample.5. Test Methods5.1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the appro-priate ASTM test methods. Test procedures not covered byASTM test methods shall be mutually agreed upon by thepurchaser and the seller.5.1.1 Total Iron Oxide, Calcium Compound, and OrganicColoring Matter—Test Methods D50.5.1.2 Coarse Particles—Test Methods D185.5.1.3 Pigment and Linseed Oil in Paste in Oil—Test Meth-ods D1208.5.1.4 Moisture in Paste in Oil—Test Methods D280, exceptthat the sample shall be weighed instead of measured and theresults shall be expressed as percentage by weight instead ofvolume.5.1.5 Mass Color and Tinting Strength—Test Method D387.6. Keywords6.1 burnt sienna; iron; manganese; pigment; raw sienna1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originallyapproved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D765 – 87 (2009).DOI: 10.1520/D0765-87R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. 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Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/TABLE 1 Requirements for Composition of Raw and BurntSiennaRawSiennaBurntSiennaIron oxide (Fe2O2), min, % 38 40Calcium compounds (as CaO) max, % 5.0 5.0Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 4.0 4.0Coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325(45-µm) sieve), max, %2.0 2.0Organic colors, max, % none noneD765 − 87 (2014)2